早前，弗吉尼亚大学和波士顿学院宣布，“早申”政策有所调整：
- University of Virginia（弗吉尼亚大学），大一新生招生将恢复ED提前批申请。也就是说，UVA本科的申请流程将包括：ED、EA、RD三种类型。
- Boston College（波士顿学院），本科早申请将由EA变为ED使得波士顿学院在ED阶段能确定更多学生入学。
那究竟EA、ED、REA、RD、RA这些美国大学录取种类分别意味着什么，我们一一来看：
Early Action (EA)
非限制提前录取
- 学生可以申请多所学校，被录取之后可以自主选择就读哪所学校。
- 一般EA的截止日期是11月1日。
- EA不具有绑定性。被EA录取的学生，不强制入学，学生一般要求在每年5月1日前答复是否接受此学校的录取结果。
- EA申请不具有唯一性，学生可以同时申请多所学校的EA，同时也能申请RD（常规录取）。
- EA申请比常规申请的录取率高。大学招生会考虑热爱这所学校、一直关注这所学校的学生。
- 当EA申请被拒后，学生可以申请第二轮的ED2以及RD。
- 当学生被一所大学的EA录取以后，不必撤回正在进行的其他申请、也可以再做其他新的学校的RD申请。
- EA (Early Action) means the stuent submits the application an all supporting ocuments by a college’s EA ealine (ranging from 10/15 to 12/15) in exchange for an early answer from the college. A stuent can apply to multiple colleges EA, in aition to an ED application if they wish. The EA option is offere by several moerately to less selective colleges.
- If a stuent applies EA, they will receive an answer within 30 to 45 ays after the EA ealine. An EA amission is non-bining; the stuent can wait an ecie by May 1.
- Who will benefit from applying EA? For the right stuent, EA applications offer a chance to complete the process early an then have peace of min. Knowing they will have goo college options allows them to calmly wait for answers to their college applications AND focus on making their senior year successful an memorable. For other stuents, however, an EA application is a isavantage.
Single-ChoiceEA (SCEA) /RestrictiveEA (REA)
单选提前录取/限制提前录取
REA/SCEA是EA的特殊类型。
学生只允许申请一所学校的REA/SCEA。
如果学生递交了REA/SCEA申请，不允许同时申请ED，但是可以申请其他学校的EA。
目前有哈佛大学，耶鲁大学，斯坦福大学和普林斯顿大学有REA/SCEA的申请。
如果学生的REA/SCEA申请被拒绝，学生可以申请其他学校的RA和RD。
REA means the stuent signs an agreement promising, in exchange for an early answer from the college, not to apply Early Action or Early Decision to another school. The typical REA application ealine is November 1.
If a stuent applies REA, they will receive an answer by mi-December.
Amission via an REA application is non-bining; the stuent can still accept amission to another college, or wait until May 1 to accept the REA amission offer. Approximately 10 colleges offer the REA option, the most elite of the elite colleges. Those colleges are confient that a stuent amitte REA will atten, even if they have other amission offers later or wait until May 1 to commit.
Who will benefit from applying REA? Applying REA benefits the college, not the stuent, because the college will amit only the VERY BEST QUALIFIED of the BEST STUDENTS. A stuent who is not among the very best qualifie is unlikely to be amitte. In fact, applying REA is a isavantage to the stuent, since the stuent foregoes opportunities to apply Early Decision or Early Action to other colleges.
EarlyDecision (ED)
具有约束力的提前录取
- ED最大的特点就是只能申请一所学校，具有唯一性和绑定性。一旦ED申请被录取，必须就读这所大学。
- 一般，ED1的截止日期为11月1日，ED2的截止日期为1月1日左右。但是无论是申请ED1还是ED2，都要遵守唯一性和绑定性。
- 申请ED的目的是为了提高被自己Dream School录取的概率。采用ED申请的大学是综合排名靠前的大学或者学院，并且ED申请率通常比常规申请率高。
- 因为唯一性和绑定性，在选择ED申请的学校时要充分考虑并且谨慎，避免出现高分低录的情况。
- 很多学校把ED提前录取分为ED1和ED2，当你申请A大学的ED1被拒绝的时候，你可以再申请B大学的ED2。
- 申请ED的时候，可以申请其他学校的EA。很多学生申请EA作为双保险，因为EA并不具有绑定性，在ED被拒绝的情况下，可以选择去被EA录取的学校。
- 申请ED的时候，可以申请其他学校的RD，即常规录取。但是一旦得知自己被ED录取，需要立马撤回其他学校的申请，并且也不能进行新的申请。
- 可能拒绝ED录取的原因：当学生申请了奖学金(nee-base financial ai)，但是学校没有给学生申请时所期望金额的奖学金，学生因为缺少资金而不能入学的情况下，学生有权利拒绝ED录取。
- 如果学生被ED录取，但是没有入学（可以申请Gap Year延迟入学时间），没有遵守ED录取的唯一性与绑定性，学校有权取消ED资格甚至是入学资格。
- ED (Early Decision) means the stuent signs an agreement promising, in exchange for an early answer from the college, that if amitte to the college, they will atten. It is a bining agreement, one that requires the parents an the school counselor to also sign an affiavit saying the stuents unerstans the agreement. The typical ED ealine is 11/1. A few colleges also offer an “ED 2” option in December or January.
- When a stuent applies ED, they will typically receive an answer by mi-December (or within 30-45 ays for ED 2 applications). A stuent can only apply to one college ED (an an REA application is not allowe). If amitte via an ED application, the stuent must respon to accept the offer, typically within 2 weeks, an place a eposit soon after. Per the ED agreement, the stuent is then require to withraw all other college applications. A few hunre colleges offer the ED option.
- Who will benefit from applying ED? For the right stuent, this option can increase the chance of amission by up to 2%.
Regular Decision (RD)
常规录取
- 一般，常规录取的截止日期是次年的1月1日，得到结果的时间大约为次年4月1日。
- 常规录取没有唯一性和绑定性，学生可以同时申请多所大学的常规录取。录取后，学生可以自行决定就读学校。
- This is the actual ate when applications are ue. There is some uniformity here, for instance, the Cal State applications open on October 1st an are ue November 30th an the UC applications came online August 1st an are also ue on November 30th. Many private school applications are ue in January, an some allow applications as late as mi-February (but those are more rare).
RollingAmission (RA)
滚动录取
- 在学校在没有招满学生的情况下继续接受申请。没有唯一性与绑定性。学校招生办公室实行先到先审的制度。
- 入学申请没有一定的截止日期，申请资料寄到后开始审核，以录满当年的名额限制为准。
- Provies an opportunity to apply at an earlier OR later ate, an opersates similar to a first come first serve basis. A very limite number of schools offer rolling amission, but for stuents who began the application process late, this option can be a great one.
Early Decision是一项具有约束力的承诺，所以你选择ED学校时要考虑以下几个方面：首先你应当是一个有竞争力的候选人，其次，你可以负担得起这所学校的学费（如果不申请奖学金），最重要的是，一旦录取，这绝对是你愿意去并保证会去的学校。正因如此，如果你通过ED轮申请某所学校，那么会带给你一个有意义的录取优势。例如，在斯沃斯莫尔学院，新生班级当中有超过一半的人是通过ED录取的，ED录取率为28％，相比RD录取率为9％，这是一个太大而不容忽视的差异。
下表列出了往届部分美国高校ED轮录取率和RD轮录取率的巨大差异，快来感受一下：
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